* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }
  
  body {
    font-family: 'Georgia', serif;
    background-color: #f8f9fa;
    color: #1a1a1a;
  }
  
  header {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 30px 20px;
    background-color: #ffffff;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
  }
  
  header h1 {
    font-size: 28px;
    color: #003366;
  }
  
  header h2, header h3 {
    font-size: 20px;
    color: #003366;
  }
  
  .container {
    display: flex;
    margin-top: 20px;
  }
  
  .sidebar {
    width: 250px;
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: #fff;
    border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
  }
  
  .sidebar ul {
    list-style: none;
  }
  
  .sidebar li {
    margin: 15px 0;
    font-size: 16px;
  }
  
  .sidebar li.active {
    font-weight: bold;
    background-color: #000;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    border-radius: 4px;
  }
  
  .sidebar a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #333;
  }
  
  main {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 20px 40px;
    background-color: #fefefe;
  }
  
  main h3 {
    text-align: left;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    color: #333;
  }
  
  main p {
    text-align: justify;
    line-height: 1.8;
  }
  
  main ul {
    margin: 1em 0;
    padding-left: 1.5em;
    line-height: 1.6;
  }
  
  main li {
    list-style-type: disc;
  }
  
  footer {
    background-color: #f0f0f0;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-top: auto;/* 2rem */
  }
  

  /* about page */
  .page-title {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }
  
  .page-title h2 {
    font-size: 40px;
    font-weight: 300;
    letter-spacing: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-bottom: 5px;
  }
  
  .underline {
    width: 100px;
    height: 5px;
    background-color: #f44336;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
  }
  


  /* Research team */
  .team-leader {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding: 1rem;
    background-color: #eef6ff;
    border: 2px solid #cce0f5;
    border-radius: 10px;
  }
  
  .team-leader h3 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: #003366;
  }
  
  .team-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }
  
  .team-member {
    padding: 1rem;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 10px;
    background-color: #fafafa;
  }
  
  
  .team-grid .team-member {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: inherit;
    display: block;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
  }
  
  .team-grid .team-member:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  }
  .profile-pic {
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    border: 2px solid #ccc;
}

  .social-icons {
    margin-top: 10px;
  }
  
  .social-icons a {
    margin-right: 10px;
    text-decoration: none;
  }
  
  .social-icons img {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    vertical-align: middle;
  }
  @media (max-width: 768px) {
    .social-icons img {
      width: 20px;
      height: 20px;
      vertical-align: middle;
    }
  }
  
/* later added for leader messege */
/* Two-column layout: profile left, message right */
.leader-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
  align-items: center;
}

/* Leader profile styling */
.leader-photo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  border: 2px solid #003366;
}
/* Smaller team member photos */
.leader-photo-img {
  width: 130px;
  height: 150px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 2px solid #003366;
}


.with-photo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
}
/* Members photos */
/* .with-photo img {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 2px solid #ccc;
} */
   /* .team-member img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    border-radius: 50%;
  } */


/* Message styling */
.leader-message {
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border-left: 4px solid #003366;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 1rem;
}

.leader-message h4 {
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: #003366;
}

.leader-message p {
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #333;
}

/* Responsive layout */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .leader-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}



/* Dissertation students list */
.dissertation-section {
  margin-top: 2rem;
  padding: 1rem;
  background-color: #f4f9ff;
  border-left: 4px solid #003366;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.dissertation-section h3 {
  color: #003366;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.dissertation-section p {
  font-style: italic;
  color: #666;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.dissertation-list {
  list-style-type: decimal;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  color: #333;
  line-height: 1.6;
}



/* Publication categories */
.pub-category {
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.pub-category h4 {
  color: #005288;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #cce0f5;
  padding-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.pub-list {
  list-style-type: disc;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  color: #333;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.pub-list li {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}


/* Technologies Section */
.technology-section {
  padding: 2rem;
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.technology-section h3 {
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  color: #003366;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid #cce0f5;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.tech-subsection {
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.tech-subsection h4 {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  color: #005288;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.tech-subsection p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: #333;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.tech-subsection a {
  color: #0066cc;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.tech-subsection a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* List for R-packages */
.pub-list {
  list-style-type: disc;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
  color: #333;
}

.pub-list li {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.pub-list strong {
  color: #003366;
}



/* ---------- Responsive Layout Enhancements ---------- */

/* Adjust main container on small screens */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .container {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .sidebar {
    width: 100%;
    border-right: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 0rem 33% 0rem 33%; /* to reduce the max width of .sidebar li.active  */
  }

  .sidebar ul {
    display: block;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: space-around;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

  .sidebar li {
    margin: 0.5rem 0;
    padding: 5px 0px 5px 0px;
    text-align: center;
    flex: 1 1 100px;
  }

  .sidebar li.active {
    font-weight: bold;
    background-color: #000000;
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 8px 8px;              /* Reduce padding to decrease height */
    border-radius: 5px;
    display: flex;                 /* Flexbox to center text */
    align-items: center;          /* Vertically center */
    justify-content: center;      /* Horizontally center */
    height: 120%;                 /* Set the height as % and not px to adjust more effeciently */
    line-height: normal;          /* Reset any inherited line height */
    
  }

  main {
    padding: 1.5rem;
  }

  header h1 {
    font-size: 22px;
  }

  header h2,
  header h3 {
    font-size: 18px;
  }

  .page-title h2 {
    font-size: 28px;
  }

  .leader-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .leader-photo-img {
    width: 100px;
    height: 120px;
  }

  .technology-section {
    padding: 1.5rem 1rem;
  }
}

/* ---------- Improve touch area and spacing ---------- */
.sidebar li,
.sidebar a {
  /* padding: 8px 10px; */
  display: block;
}

main h3,
main h4 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

footer {
  padding: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* Optional: Slight hover effect on nav items */
.sidebar li:hover {
  background-color: #e0e0e0;
  border-radius: 4px;
}


/* Gallery */
.gallery-section {
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.gallery-section h3 {
  text-align: center;
  color: #003366;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.slideshow-container {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: auto;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}

.gallery-slide {
  display: none;
}

.gallery-slide img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 10px;
}

/* Slide animation */
.slide {
  animation: slideEffect 1.5s ease-in-out;
}

@keyframes slideEffect {
  from {
    transform: translateX(100%);
    opacity: 0.5;
  }
  to {
    transform: translateX(0);
    opacity: 1;
  }
}


/* Next/prev buttons */
.prev, .next {
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: auto;
  padding: 12px;
  margin-top: -22px;
  color: white;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 20px;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
  user-select: none;
  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
}

.next {
  right: 0;
  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}

.prev:hover, .next:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .prev, .next {
    font-size: 16px;
    padding: 10px;
  }
}

/* Slide from left */
.slide-left {
  animation: slideFromRight 1.5s ease-in-out;
}

@keyframes slideFromRight {
  from {
    transform: translateX(100%);
    opacity: 0.5;
  }
  to {
    transform: translateX(0);
    opacity: 1;
  }
}


/* Slide from right */
.slide-right {
  animation: slideFromLeft 1.5s ease-in-out;
}
@keyframes slideFromLeft {
  from {
    transform: translateX(-100%);
    opacity: 0.5;
  }
  to {
    transform: translateX(0);
    opacity: 1;
  }
}



/* Comment section */
.comments-section {
  margin-top: 3rem;
  padding: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid #ccc;
}

.comments-section h3 {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

#commentForm input,
#commentForm textarea {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 5px;
}

#commentForm button {
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  background-color: #007bff;
  color: white;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 5px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

#commentForm button:hover {
  background-color: #0056b3;
}

#commentsContainer {
  margin-top: 2rem;
}

.comment {
  padding: 1rem;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 5px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
}




/* contact form */
/* Basic Reset */
* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

/* Form Container */
form {
  max-width: 600px;
  margin: 40px auto;
  padding: 30px;
  background-color: #f9f9f9;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}

/* Label Styling */
form label {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #333;
}

/* Input and Textarea Styling */
form input[type="text"],
form input[type="email"],
form input[type="tel"],
form input[type="file"],
form textarea {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 15px;
}

/* File Input - Remove Padding */
form input[type="file"] {
  padding: 3px;
}

/* Textarea Resize */
form textarea {
  resize: vertical;
}

/* Submit Button Styling */
form button[type="submit"] {
  background-color: #0066cc;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 12px 25px;
  font-size: 16px;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: background-color 0.3s ease;
}

form button[type="submit"]:hover {
  background-color: #004a99;
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  form {
    padding: 20px;
  }
}
/* contact form */